RTGWG N. Zhang, Ed. Internet-Draft S. Zhang, Ed. Intended status: Standards Track X. Yi, Ed. Expires: 20 April 2025 China Unicom X. Geng H. Shi Huawei 17 October 2024 Deep Collaboration between Application and Network draft-zhang-rtgwg-collaboration-app-net-01 Abstract This document analyzes the necessarity of deep collaboration between the application and network. Besides, the problem, usecase and requirement of bidirectional awareness between the application and network are discussed. Status of This Memo This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. 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Code Components extracted from this document must include Revised BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License. Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. Conventions and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3. Problem statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3.1. Awareness of network by application . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3.2. Awareness of application by network . . . . . . . . . . . 4 4. Use Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 4.1. High-speed IoV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 4.2. Massive Data Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4.3. Industrial Internet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4.4. Sharing and Circulation of Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 5. Requirement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 5.1. The ability of network awareness by application . . . . . 6 5.1.1. Accurate measurement of network indicators . . . . . 6 5.1.2. Cross cloud measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 5.1.3. Obtaining of measured network indicators by application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 5.2. The ability of application awareness by network . . . . . 6 5.2.1. Fine grained awareness of application requirements . 7 5.2.2. Computing status awareness of server applications . . 7 6. Deployment case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 6.1. IoV solution based on application and network collaboration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 7. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 8. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 9. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 9.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 9.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1. Introduction In the digital age, users have increasingly high expectations for application services, seeking smooth, stable, and high-quality experiences anytime and anywhere. This growing demand has led to the emergence of new service scenarios, such as IoV and Industrial Internet etc., which have higher and differentiated requirements for both network and application services. These emerging services have Zhang, et al. Expires 20 April 2025 [Page 2] Internet-Draft Deep Collaboration between Application a October 2024 also driven the rapid development of technologies like cloud computing and big data. As the scale of network and computing resources expands, so does resource consumption. Currently, applications and networks operate independently and are unable to interact to ensure flexible and efficient resource scheduling. Deep collaboration between applications and networks allows for the accurate acquisition of application and network requirements and statuses through mutual awareness. This enables dynamic adjustment of resource allocation and scheduling strategies, leading to efficient utilization of computing and network resources. Ultimately, users benefit from the best possible service experience. As technology advances and service scenarios expand, the importance of deep collaboration between applications and networks will only grow. 2. Conventions and Definitions The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14 RFC2119 [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here. Abbreviations and definitions used in this document: *IOAM: In Situ Operations, Administration, and Maintenance. *IFIT: In-situ Flow Information Telemetry. *TWAMP: Two-Way Active Measurement Protocol. *quic: A transport protocal. *DPI: Deep Packet Inspection. *ACL: Access Control List. *SDN: Software Defined Network. *CATS: Computing-Aware Traffic Steering. 3. Problem statement User Server +-----+ /-------\ +-----+ |App x| / \ |App x| | |<-->| network |<-->| | |App y| \ / |App y| +-----+ \-------/ +-----+ In various scenarios, different applications have different transmission requirements for the network. For example, some applications in the IoV scenario have serious requirement for ultra- low delay, while some applications in industrial internet have high requirement for real time available bandwidth. If applications and networks can achieve deep collaboration, network resources and application requirements can be dynamically and accurately matched. In this way, not only can the stability and user experience of the application be improved, but the utilization efficiency of network and computing resources can also be enhanced. Deep collaboration between applications and networks must address two main issues: Zhang, et al. Expires 20 April 2025 [Page 3] Internet-Draft Deep Collaboration between Application a October 2024 1.The precise awareness of network status by applications. 2.The awareness of application requirements and status by networks. 3.1. Awareness of network by application Applications need to aware network indicators, such as available bandwidth, delay, and packet loss, in real-time to dynamically adjust data transmission policies. For example, low-priority packets can be dropped to save the resource when the network is congested. This helps save network resources and ensures service continuity and efficiency. 3.2. Awareness of application by network To intelligently allocate network resources and schedule computing resources, networks need to understand the resource requirements of different user applications and be aware of application statuses on computing servers. This enables the network to provide differentiated service guarantees for various applications. 4. Use Cases 4.1. High-speed IoV In high-speed Internet of Vehicles (IoV), vehicles like cars, trains, and subways need to communicate with other vehicles, infrastructure, or cloud services to run onboard applications. These applications fall into two categories: 1.Applications affecting driving, such as autonomous driving, remote control, and intelligent driving services, which require extremely low network delay for quick judgments and responses. Any delay could lead to serious accidents. 2.Applications unrelated to driving, such as voice communications, streaming media, and other entertainment services. The diverse applications in high-speed IoV have complex requirements for network and computing resources. Therefore, deep collaboration between the network and applications is essential for efficient and flexible scheduling of computing and network resources.. Zhang, et al. Expires 20 April 2025 [Page 4] Internet-Draft Deep Collaboration between Application a October 2024 4.2. Massive Data Transmission Massive Data Transmission (MDT) [I-D.liu-rtgwg-mdt-in-high-bdp] is a predictable time-efficient application that requires data transmission to be completed within a specified time. This application is not sensitive to transmission delay, but requires a considerable amount of network resources. 1.Before starting transmission, different tasks have different demands of data size and expected completion time. This leads to differentiated requirements of real-time available bandwidth for different tasks.. 2.After the transmission task is initiated, network devices need to identify MDT applications and corresponding account information based on certain identifiers to perform traffic record. At the beginning of data transmission, application and network collaboration can ensure the complete delivery of data without affecting other services on the existing network. At the end of data transmission, the network needs to accurately perceive MDT applications for reasonable billing. 4.3. Industrial Internet There are diverse scenarios in the industrial Internet, such as automatic control production, video surveillance, remote robot operation, etc. These applications have different requirements for network reliability, bandwidth and latency, etc. 1.Many industrial control tasks require systems to respond within strict time constraints, so automatic control applications have high requirements for deterministic network delay. 2.Video surveillance requires the transmission of a large amount of video data and real-time reflection of factory conditions. Therefore, the network must have sufficient real-time available bandwidth to support the real-time transmission of high-definition videos. 3.Remote robot operation requires real-time transmission of control instructions and feedback data, thus requiring ultra-low network transmission delay to ensure accuracy and real-time operation. Various applications in the industrial Internet have different requirements for network resources. The collaboration between the application and network can match the most suitable network resources for corresponding applications. Zhang, et al. Expires 20 April 2025 [Page 5] Internet-Draft Deep Collaboration between Application a October 2024 4.4. Sharing and Circulation of Data Institutions such as enterprises or hospitals may have demand for data sharing and circulation, but these data often involve sensitive information.. Therefore, it is necessary to classify and identify the sensitivity level of data and bring this information to network, so that the circulation scope of sensitive data can be controlled. 5. Requirement 5.1. The ability of network awareness by application Applications cannot directly monitor network status but require the network to accurately measure and communicate network indicators. 5.1.1. Accurate measurement of network indicators Network status measurement can be achieved in two ways: 1.Directly marking the real service message or embedding measurement information in it, as with IOAM [RFC9197] and IFIT [I-D.song-opsawg-ifit-framework]. 2.Indirectly simulating the service message and periodically reporting measurement information, as with TWAMP. The first method can reflect network indicators such as delay, packet loss, and jitter in real-time, actively detecting service failures. 5.1.2. Cross cloud measurement In cross cloud scenarios, performance testing of traffic between cloud is required. 5.1.3. Obtaining of measured network indicators by application To enable application awareness of measurement information, the measurement data obtained by the receiver needs to be sent back to the sender. [I-D.gao-quic-network-awareness-ack] defines a QUIC ACK frame format to return network indicators to the sender. 5.2. The ability of application awareness by network Network awareness of applications includes understanding application requirements and server application statuses to provide the best services. Zhang, et al. Expires 20 April 2025 [Page 6] Internet-Draft Deep Collaboration between Application a October 2024 5.2.1. Fine grained awareness of application requirements The characteristic information of different application needs to be obtained by network, including application type and requirement of application, etc. Technologies such as DPI, ACL, and SDN can achieve the parsing of application attributes. Besides, application requirement information also needs to be carried into network to achieve accurate and fast matching of network resources. 5.2.2. Computing status awareness of server applications The network needs to be aware of the computing status of server applications, such as computing capability and load, to guide traffic to the optimal computing service node. The CATS group has conducted in-depth research on this issue. [I-D.ietf-cats-framework] and [I-D.yi-cats-hybrid-solution] define several frameworks for computing awareness, while [I-D.shi-cats-analysis-of-metric-distribution] discusses methods for distributing computing status information. 6. Deployment case 6.1. IoV solution based on application and network collaboration The IoV solution based on application and network collaboration has been deployed and validated for the first time in Hebei, China. In this solution, the CATS, IFIT and identification technology were used to achieve deep collaboration between application and network, which provided high quality and more flexible solution for high-speed IoV. Firstly, the hybrid CATS scheme used in this solution comprehensively considered computing and network status for service selection and path computation, which provided high quality computing service with the optimal service site and optimal forwarding path for vehicle terminal applications. Secondly, IFIT and innovative in-cloud virtual router [I-D.hy-srv6ops-sfc-in-cloud-uc] technology were used to achieve end-to-end network performance awareness. Thirdly, identification technology was used to identify multiple application types, so that the differentiated service scheduling and assurance have been achieved. 7. Security Considerations TBD 8. IANA Considerations TBD 9. References Zhang, et al. Expires 20 April 2025 [Page 7] Internet-Draft Deep Collaboration between Application a October 2024 9.1. Normative References [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997, . [RFC8174] Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC 2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174, May 2017, . 9.2. Informative References [I-D.liu-rtgwg-mdt-in-high-bdp] Ying, "Use Cases and Requirements of Massive Data Transmission(MDT) in High Bandwidth-delay Product (BDP) Network", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-liu- rtgwg-mdt-in-high-bdp-01, 5 July 2024, . [RFC9197] Brockners, F., Ed., Bhandari, S., Ed., and T. Mizrahi, Ed., "Data Fields for In Situ Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (IOAM)", RFC 9197, DOI 10.17487/RFC9197, May 2022, . [I-D.song-opsawg-ifit-framework] Song, H., Qin, F., Chen, H., Jin, J., and J. Shin, "Framework for In-situ Flow Information Telemetry", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-song-opsawg-ifit- framework-21, 23 October 2023, . [I-D.yi-cats-hybrid-solution] Yi, X., Pang, R., and H. Shi, "Hybrid Computing and Network Awareness and Routing Solution for CATS", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-yi-cats-hybrid-solution- 03, 24 July 2024, . [I-D.gao-quic-network-awareness-ack] xing, G., Han, M., Ruan, Z., and H. Shi, "QUIC network awareness Acknowledgements", Work in Progress, Internet- Draft, draft-gao-quic-network-awareness-ack-00, 3 July 2024, . Zhang, et al. Expires 20 April 2025 [Page 8] Internet-Draft Deep Collaboration between Application a October 2024 [I-D.ietf-cats-framework] Li, C., Du, Z., Boucadair, M., Contreras, L. M., and J. Drake, "A Framework for Computing-Aware Traffic Steering (CATS)", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf- cats-framework-03, 17 September 2024, . [I-D.shi-cats-analysis-of-metric-distribution] Shi, H., Du, Z., Yi, X., and T. Yang, "Design analysis of methods for distributing the computing metric", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-shi-cats-analysis-of- metric-distribution-03, 16 October 2024, . [I-D.hy-srv6ops-sfc-in-cloud-uc] He, T. and X. Yi, "Use Cases and Requirements for Service Function Chaining based on SRv6 in cloud.", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-hy-srv6ops-sfc-in-cloud- uc-00, 17 October 2024, . Authors' Addresses Naihan Zhang (editor) China Unicom Beijing China Email: zhangnh12@chinaunicom.cn Shuai Zhang (editor) China Unicom Beijing China Email: zhangs366@chinaunicom.cn Xinxin Yi (editor) China Unicom Beijing China Email: yixx3@chinaunicom.cn Zhang, et al. Expires 20 April 2025 [Page 9] Internet-Draft Deep Collaboration between Application a October 2024 Xuesong Geng Huawei Beijing China Email: gengxuesong@huawei.com Hang Shi Huawei Beijing China Email: shihang9@huawei.com Zhang, et al. Expires 20 April 2025 [Page 10]